Fractures and dislocations of the elbow can result in adverse outcomes. The elbow is a unique joint that allows for great mobility but is predisposed to instability, either simple or complex, in traumatic settings. Even simple elbow instability, in which no fracture is present, may be associated with tremendous soft-tissue injury. Surgical treatment is often required for complex instability in which various fractures are present. The treatment goals for fixation of elbow fractures and dislocations include stable fracture fixation, a stable concentrically reduced joint, and early range of motion. Continued pain, stiffness, and instability as well as heterotopic ossification are common sequelae of elbow fractures and dislocations.