Meniscal and articular cartilage predictors of outcome after revision ACL reconstruction: a 6-year follow-up cohort study Journal Article uri icon
Overview
abstract
  • BACKGROUND: Meniscal and chondral damage is common in the patient undergoing revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. PURPOSE: To determine if meniscal and/or articular cartilage pathology at the time of revision ACL surgery significantly influences a patient's outcome at 6-year follow-up. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: Patients undergoing revision ACL reconstruction were prospectively enrolled between 2006 and 2011. Data collection included baseline demographics, surgical technique, pathology, treatment, and scores from 4 validated patient-reported outcome instruments: International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and Marx Activity Rating Scale. Patients were followed up at 6 years and asked to complete the identical set of outcome instruments. Regression analysis assessed the meniscal and articular cartilage pathology risk factors for clinical outcomes 6 years after revision ACL reconstruction. RESULTS: An overall 1234 patients were enrolled (716 males, 58%; median age, 26 years). Surgeons reported the pathology at the time of revision surgery in the medial meniscus (45%), lateral meniscus (36%), medial femoral condyle (43%), lateral femoral condyle (29%), medial tibial plateau (11%), lateral tibial plateau (17%), patella (30%), and trochlea (21%). Six-year follow-up was obtained on 79% of the sample (980/1234). Meniscal pathology and articular cartilage pathology (medial femoral condyle, lateral femoral condyle, lateral tibial plateau, trochlea, and patella) were significant drivers of poorer patient-reported outcomes at 6 years (IKDC, KOOS, WOMAC, and Marx). The most consistent factors driving outcomes were having a medial meniscal excision (either before or at the time of revision surgery) and patellofemoral articular cartilage pathology. Six-year Marx activity levels were negatively affected by having either a repair/excision of the medial meniscus (odds ratio range, 1.45-1.72; P ≤ .04) or grade 3-4 patellar chondrosis (odds ratio, 1.72; P = .04). Meniscal pathology occurring before the index revision surgery negatively affected scores on all KOOS subscales except for sports/recreation (P < .05). Articular cartilage pathology significantly impaired all KOOS subscale scores (P < .05). Lower baseline outcome scores, higher body mass index, being a smoker, and incurring subsequent surgery all significantly increased the odds of reporting poorer clinical outcomes at 6 years. CONCLUSION: Meniscal and chondral pathology at the time of revision ACL reconstruction has continued significant detrimental effects on patient-reported outcomes at 6 years after revision surgery.

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    authors
  • Wright, R. W.  
  • Huston, L. J.  
  • Haas, A. K.  
  • Pennings, J. S.  
  • Allen, C. R.  
  • Cooper, D. E.  
  • DeBerardino, T. M.  
  • Dunn, W. R.  
  • Lantz, B. B. A.  
  • Spindler, K. P.  
  • Stuart, M. J.  
  • Albright, J. P.  
  • Amendola, A. N.  
  • Andrish, J. T.  
  • Annunziata, C. C.  
  • Arciero, R. A.  
  • Bach, B. R.  
  • Baker, C. L.  
  • Bartolozzi, A. R.  
  • Baumgarten, K. M.  
  • Bechler, J. R.  
  • Berg, J. H.  
  • Bernas, G. A.  
  • Brockmeier, S. F.  
  • Brophy, R. H.  
  • Bush-Joseph, C. A.  
  • Butler, J. B. th  
  • Campbell, J. D.  
  • Carey, J. L.  
  • Carpenter, J. E.  
  • Cole, B. J.  
  • Cooper, Jonathan M., MD  
  • Cox, C. L.  
  • Creighton, R. A.  
  • Dahm, D. L.  
  • David, T. S.  
  • Flanigan, D. C.  
  • Frederick, R. W.  
  • Ganley, T. J.  
  • Garofoli, E. A.  
  • Gatt, C. J.  
  • Gecha, S. R.  
  • Giffin, J. R.  
  • Hame, S. L.  
  • Hannafin, J. A.  
  • Harner, C. D.  
  • Harris, N. L.  
  • Hechtman, K. S.  
  • Hershman, E. B.  
  • Hoellrich, R. G.  
  • Johnson, D. C.  
  • Johnson, T. S.  
  • Jones, M. H.  
  • Kaeding, C. C.  
  • Kamath, G. V.  
  • Klootwyk, T. E.  
  • Levy, B. A.  
  • Ma, C. B.  
  • Maiers, G. P.  
  • Marx, R. G.  
  • Matava, M. J.  
  • Mathien, G. M.  
  • McAllister, D. R.  
  • McCarty, E. C.  
  • McCormack, R. G.  
  • Miller, B. S.  
  • Nissen, C. W.  
  • O'Neill, D. F.  
  • Owens, B. D.  
  • Parker, R. D.  
  • Purnell, M. L.  
  • Ramappa, A. J.  
  • Rauh, M. A.  
  • Rettig, A. C.  
  • Sekiya, J. K.  
  • Shea, K. G.  
  • Sherman, O. H.  
  • Slauterbeck, J. R.  
  • Smith, M. V.  
  • Spang, J. T.  
  • Svoboda, L. S. J.  
  • Taft, T. N.  
  • Tenuta, J. J.  
  • Tingstad, E. M.  
  • Vidal, A. F.  
  • Viskontas, D. G.  
  • White, R. A.  
  • Williams, J. S.  
  • Wolcott, M. L.  
  • Wolf, B. R.  
  • York, J. J.  
  • MARS Group,  
  • publication date
  • 2023
  • published in
    Research
    keywords
  • Arthritis
  • Cohort Studies
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Injuries
  • Knee
  • Orthopedics
  • Sports
  • Surgery
  • Additional Document Info
    volume
  • 51
  • issue
  • 3