Lauren Crain, PhD
Senior Research Investigator and Statistician
About

Lauren Crain, PhD, is a Senior Research Investigator at HealthPartners Institute and a member of the Research Methodology Group. She earned her PhD in Psychology (Social) at the University of Kansas her MS in Psychology (Social) at the University of California, Santa Cruz. She sees research as a tool for learning how to deliver health care in a way that results in better health for people. For the past decade she has worked with her colleagues to design and evaluate the effectiveness system-wide interventions that embed clinical decision support tools into the electronic health record to promote the delivery of evidence-based care to patients. Prior to that, she contributed to work to assess the efficacy of behavioral interventions to promote the initiation and maintenance of behaviors related to physical activity and weight management.

Conducting Institute research since 2001.  

Education and training: 
PhD, social psychology, University of Kansas, 1996
MS, social psychology, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1992

Research interests include: 
Pragmatic trials
Group randomized study design
Generalized linear mixed models   

Current research activities and funding:
EHR-based decision support in primary care to improve identification or management for conditions including opioid use disorder (NIDA), chronic kidney disease (NIDDK), obesity management in diabetes (NIDDK) and cognitive impairment (NIA)

Dialectical behavioral therapy to prevent suicide attempts and deaths in youth (PCORI)

Telehealth care for uncontrolled high blood pressure (PCORI)

Affiliation
positions
  • Senior Research Investigator and Statistician, Research Methodology Group
  • Sr. Research Investigator & Statistician, Center for Chronic Care Innovation 2001 -
  • Publications While At HealthPartners
    selected publications
    Journal Article
  • A CKD clinical decision support system: a cluster randomized clinical trial in primary care clinics
    Kidney Med. 2024
  • Applying meaning and self-determination theory to the development of a web-based mHealth physical activity intervention: proof-of-concept pilot study
    JMIR formative research. 2024
  • Confidence in diagnosing and managing care for cognitive impairment in primary care: a survey comparing barriers by primary care clinician type
    Family Practice. 2024
  • Cumulative environmental stress and emerging cardiometabolic risk during childhood
    Pediatric Obesity. 2024
  • Do children's health behaviors buffer the impact of cumulative environmental stress on emerging cardiometabolic risk?
    Journal of the American Heart Association. 2024
  • 30-year cardiovascular disease risk for young adults with serious mental illness
    General Hospital Psychiatry. 2023
  • A randomized controlled trial of an intervention to reduce stigma toward people with opioid use disorder among primary care clinicians
    Addiction Science & Clinical Practice. 2023
  • Design of a pragmatic clinical trial to improve screening and treatment for opioid use disorder in primary care
    Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2023
  • Differential effects of an intervention to reduce cardiovascular risk for patients with bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder, or schizophrenia: a randomized clinical trial
    Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2023
  • Household income, cortisol, and obesity during early childhood: a prospective longitudinal study
    Journal of Pediatrics. 2023
  • BestFIT Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial results: a SMART approach to developing individualized weight loss treatment sequences
    Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2022
  • Cardiovascular risk for patients with and without schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar disorder
    Journal of the American Heart Association. 2022
  • Clinician perceptions of a clinical decision support system to reduce cardiovascular risk among prediabetes patients in a predominantly rural healthcare system
    BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making. 2022
  • Comparing pharmacist-led telehealth care and clinic-based care for uncontrolled high blood pressure: the Hyperlink 3 pragmatic cluster-randomized trial
    Hypertension (Dallas, Tex.. 2022
  • Comparison of explanatory and pragmatic design choices in a cluster-randomized hypertension trial: effects on enrollment, participant characteristics, and adherence
    Trials. 2022
  • Depression and cardiovascular risk in primary care patients
    Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 2022
  • Effect of clinical decision support on cardiovascular risk among adults with bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder, or schizophrenia: a cluster randomized clinical trial
    JAMA network open. 2022
  • Implementing a prediabetes clinical decision support system in a large primary care system: design, methods, and pre-implementation results
    Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2022
  • Race/ethnicity and age associations with hair cortisol concentrations among children studied longitudinally from early through middle childhood
    Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2022
  • Reach in a pragmatic hypertension trial: a critical RE-AIM component
    Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2022
  • A pilot study of the functionality and clinician acceptance of a clinical decision support tool to improve primary care of opioid use disorder
    Addiction Science & Clinical Practice. 2021
  • Experiences and perceptions of patients with uncontrolled hypertension who are dissatisfied with their hypertension care
    Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine. 2021
  • Pragmatic clinic randomized trial to improve chronic kidney disease care: design and adaptation due to COVID disruptions
    Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2021
  • Design of a pragmatic cluster-randomized trial comparing telehealth care and best practice clinic-based care for uncontrolled high blood pressure
    Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2020
  • Pragmatic trial design of an intervention to reduce cardiovascular risk in people with serious mental illness
    Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2020
  • The Healthy Homes/Healthy Kids 5-10 Obesity Prevention Trial: 12 and 24-month outcomes
    Pediatric Obesity. 2019
  • Clinical decision support directed to primary care patients and providers reduces cardiovascular risk: a randomized trial
    Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. 2018
  • Mediators of weight loss maintenance in the Keep It Off Trial
    Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2018
  • Multicomponent obesity prevention intervention in low-income preschoolers: primary and subgroup analyses of the NET-Works Randomized Clinical Trial, 2012-2017
    American Journal of Public Health. 2018
  • Clinician burnout and satisfaction with resources in caring for complex patients
    General Hospital Psychiatry. 2017
  • Impact of a national collaborative care initiative for patients with depression and diabetes or cardiovascular disease
    General Hospital Psychiatry. 2017
  • The challenges of collecting and using patient care data from diverse care systems: lessons From COMPASS
    American Journal of Medical Quality. 2017
  • A statewide effort to implement collaborative care for depression: reach and impact for all patients with depression
    Medical Care. 2016
  • Predictors of poor response to depression treatment in primary care
    Psychiatric Services. 2016
  • The BestFIT trial: a SMART approach to developing individualized weight loss treatments
    Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2016
  • The effects of patient-centered depression care on patient satisfaction and depression remission
    Family Practice. 2016
  • A stepped-wedge evaluation of an initiative to spread the collaborative care model for depression in primary care
    Annals of Family Medicine. 2015
  • Activity patterns of preschool-aged children at risk for obesity
    Journal of physical activity & health. 2015
  • Household factors, family behavior patterns, and adherence to dietary and physical activity guidelines among children at risk for obesity
    Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior. 2015
  • Organizational factors and change strategies associated with medical home transformation
    American Journal of Medical Quality. 2015
  • Pediatric primary care-based obesity prevention for parents of preschool children: a pilot study
    2015
  • Assessing organizational readiness for depression care quality improvement: relative commitment and implementation capability
    Implementation science. 2014
  • Binge eating behavior and weight loss maintenance over a 2-year period
    Journal of Obesity. 2014
  • Challenges of medical home transformation reported by 118 patient-centered medical home (PCMH) leaders
    Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine. 2014
  • Concern about child weight among parents of children at-risk for obesity
    2014
  • How much shared decision making occurs in usual primary care of depression?
    Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine. 2014
  • Job design and ethnic differences in working women's physical activity
    American Journal of Health Behavior. 2014
  • Patient experience and physician/staff satisfaction in transforming medical homes
    2014
  • Predicting child physical activity and screen time: parental support for physical activity and general parenting styles
    Journal of Pediatric Psychology. 2014
  • Self-reported activity and accelerometry in 2 behavior-maintenance trials
    American Journal of Health Behavior. 2014
  • The effect of depression treatment on work productivity
    American Journal of Managed Care. 2014
  • Validity of diabetes self-reports in the Women's Health Initiative
    Menopause (New York, N.Y.). 2014
  • Designing and implementing research on a statewide quality improvement initiative: the DIAMOND study and initiative
    Medical Care. 2013
  • Development and validation of the Survey of Organizational Research Climate (SORC)
    Science and engineering ethics. 2013
  • Enhancing long-term weight loss maintenance: 2 year results from the Keep It Off randomized controlled trial
    Preventive Medicine. 2013
  • Healthy Homes/Healthy Kids: a randomized trial of a pediatric primary care-based obesity prevention intervention for at-risk 5-10 year olds
    Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2013
  • Medical home transformation: a gradual process and a continuum of attainment
    Annals of Family Medicine. 2013
  • Mindfulness-based stress reduction for family caregivers: a randomized controlled trial
    The Gerontologist. 2013
  • NET-Works: Linking families, communities and primary care to prevent obesity in preschool-age children
    Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2013
  • Relationships between the Survey of Organizational Research Climate (SORC) and self-reported research practices
    Science and engineering ethics. 2013
  • Self-report compared to electronic medical record across eight adult vaccines: do results vary by demographic factors?
    Vaccine. 2013
  • The DIAMOND initiative: implementing collaborative care for depression in 75 primary care clinics
    Implementation science. 2013
  • Keep it off: a phone-based intervention for long-term weight-loss maintenance
    Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2011
  • Prevalence of practice system tools for improving depression care among primary care clinics: the DIAMOND initiative
    Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2011
  • Recruiting and retaining family caregivers to a randomized controlled trial on mindfulness-based stress reduction
    Contemporary Clinical Trials. 2011
  • Severity of depression and magnitude of productivity loss
    Annals of Family Medicine. 2011
  • The use of telehealth technology in assessing the accuracy of self-reported weight and the impact of a daily immediate-feedback intervention among obese employees
    International journal of telemedicine and applications. 2011
  • Maintaining physical activity among older adults: 24-month outcomes of the Keep Active Minnesota randomized controlled trial
    Preventive Medicine. 2010
  • Partnership research: a practical trial design for evaluation of a natural experiment to improve depression care
    Medical Care. 2010
  • Population reach and recruitment bias in a maintenance RCT in physically active older adults
    Journal of physical activity & health. 2010
  • The importance of organizational justice in ensuring research integrity
    Journal of empirical research on human research ethics. 2010
  • The long and winding road to physical activity maintenance
    American Journal of Health Behavior. 2010
  • Customized feedback to patients and providers failed to improve safety or quality of diabetes care: a randomized trial
    Diabetes care. 2009
  • Diabetes care quality: insurance, health plan, and physician group contributions
    American Journal of Managed Care. 2009
  • Does diabetes double the risk of depression?
    Annals of Family Medicine. 2009
  • Effects of paroxetine and sertraline on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: an observational cohort study
    CNS drugs. 2009
  • Institutions' expectations for researchers' self-funding, federal grant holding, and private industry involvement: manifold drivers of self-interest and researcher behavior
    Academic Medicine. 2009
  • Self-weighing promotes weight loss for obese adults
    American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2009
  • Telephone counseling and home telemonitoring: the Weigh by Day Trial
    American Journal of Health Behavior. 2009
  • A new approach to physical activity maintenance: rationale, design, and baseline data from the Keep Active Minnesota Trial
    BMC Geriatrics. 2008
  • Maintaining physical activity among older adults: six-month outcomes of the Keep Active Minnesota randomized controlled trial
    Preventive Medicine. 2008
  • The effect of advanced access implementation on quality of diabetes care
    Preventing Chronic Disease. 2008
  • Tobacco-use prevalence in special populations taking advantage of electronic medical records
    American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2008
  • Variation in quality of diabetes care at the levels of patient, physician, and clinic
    Preventing Chronic Disease. 2008
  • Ambulatory care quality measures for the 6 aims from administrative data
    American Journal of Medical Quality. 2006
  • Care quality and implementation of the chronic care model: a quantitative study
    Annals of Family Medicine. 2006
  • Effect of improved primary care access on quality of depression care
    Annals of Family Medicine. 2006
  • Scientists' perceptions of organizational justice and self-reported misbehaviors
    Journal of empirical research on human research ethics. 2006
  • Health care charges associated with physical inactivity, overweight, and obesity
    Preventing Chronic Disease. 2005
  • Impact of an electronic medical record on diabetes quality of care
    Annals of Family Medicine. 2005
  • Insurance status and access to urgent ambulatory care follow-up appointments
    JAMA. 2005
  • Randomized trial of quality improvement intervention to improve diabetes care in primary care settings
    Diabetes care. 2005
  • Do all components of the chronic care model contribute equally to quality improvement?
    2004
  • Does improved access to care affect utilization and costs for patients with chronic conditions?
    American Journal of Managed Care. 2004
  • Health and performance factors in health care shift workers
    Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2004
  • Is patient readiness to change a predictor of improved glycemic control?
    Diabetes care. 2004
  • Measuring patient safety in ambulatory care: potential for identifying medical group drug-drug interaction rates using claims data
    American Journal of Managed Care. 2004
  • Meeting recommendations for multiple healthy lifestyle factors. Prevalence, clustering, and predictors among adolescent, adult, and senior health plan members
    American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2004
  • Changes in physical activity and short-term changes in health care charges: a prospective cohort study of older adults
    Preventive Medicine. 2003
  • Conference Poster
  • A clinical decision support system promotes shared decision-making and cardiovascular risk factor management [poster]
    2017
  • Aspirin for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: challenges to appropriate use [poster]
    2017
  • Can prioritized clinical decision support in primary care reduce cardiovascular risk? [poster]
    2017
  • Clinical decision support impact on overuse and underuse of aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular events [poster]
    2017
  • Impact of improving diabetes care on Quality adjusted Life Expectancy (QALE) and costs: a 40-year perspective [poster]
    2017
  • Using EMR-linked data for passive patient safety reporting in pragmatic clinical trials [poster]
    2017
  • Design of diabetes clinical decision support systems that reduce CV risk [poster]
    2015
  • Passive safety monitoring using electronic medical records data for pragmatic cardiovascular clinical trials [poster]
    2015
  • Healthy Homes/Healthy Kids 5-10: results from baseline analyses [poster]
    2013
  • How to engage patients and clinicians as research partners, and have fun, too [poster]
    2013
  • COMPASS: evaluating an evolving and spreading innovation [poster]
    2012
  • DIAMOND: what predicts poor response to usual depression treatment in primary care? [poster]
    2012
  • Enhancing weight loss maintenance: 2 year results from the Keep It Off trial [poster]
    2012
  • Integrating patient and clinician perspectives in the TransforMN study [poster]
    2012
  • Testing a clinical decision support process to lower cardiovascular risk of patients [poster]
    2012
  • Are improvements in clinic practice systems associated with improvements in quality outcomes [poster]?
    2011
  • DIAMOND Study: an innovative observational design model for patient-centered comparative effectiveness research [poster]
    2011
  • Designing a patient interface for shared decision support [poster]
    2011
  • Changes in cognitive function and plasma biomarkers in a pilot trial of a multi-domain intervention to prevent cognitive decline [poster]
    2010
  • EHR-based clinical decision support for assessing cardiovascular risk [poster]
    2010
  • MBSR (mindfulness-based stress reduction) for caregivers of people with dementia: the Balance Study [poster]
    2010
  • Physical activity maintenance [poster]
    2010
  • The DIAMOND Study [poster]
    2010
  • The Minnesota Memory Project [poster]
    2010
  • Medication therapy management (MTM): an evaluation of medicare part d member response and participation [poster]
    2009
  • Are diabetes patients with depression more likely to get routine care process measures [poster]?
    2008
  • Abstract
  • Comparing change in systolic blood pressure with clinic-based care versus telehealth care in a pragmatic cluster-randomized trial (Hyperlink 3) [abstract]
    Journal of patient-centered research and reviews. 2021
  • Differences in chronic kidney disease management in patients with and without diabetes in a large care delivery system [abstract]
    Diabetes. 2020
  • A web-based clinical decision support system (Wizard) increases appropriate cardiometabolic diagnostic coding at primary care visits [abstract]
    Journal of patient-centered research and reviews. 2019
  • Dissemination and sustained use of an outpatient clinical decision system with high use rates, high clinician satisfaction, and positive impact on quality of care [abstract]
    Journal of patient-centered research and reviews. 2019
  • Variation in care improvement opportunities suggests need for tailored clinician-specific improvement interventions [abstract]
    Journal of patient-centered research and reviews. 2019
  • A comparison of the impact of the 2017 ACC/AHA hypertension guidelines on primary care populations with and without diabetes [abstract]
    Diabetes. 2018
  • A clinical decision support system promotes shared decision-making and cardiovascular risk factor management [abstract]
    Journal of patient-centered research and reviews. 2016
  • Comparative effectiveness of two diabetes clinical decision support systems on cardiometabolic outcomes and CV risk: randomized trial [abstract 2304-PUB]
    Diabetes. 2016
  • Design features of successful outpatient chronic disease care clinical decision support systems [abstract]
    Journal of patient-centered research and reviews. 2016
  • Eliciting patient treatment preferences using a clinical decision support system [abstract 1252-P]
    Diabetes. 2016
  • Overuse and underuse of acetyl-salicylic acid for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with diabetes [abstract]
    Diabetologia. 2016
  • Overuse and underuse of aspirin for primary prevention [abstract 1225-P]
    Diabetes. 2016
  • Overuse and underuse of aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular events in primary care [abstract]
    Journal of patient-centered research and reviews. 2016
  • Randomised trial of a diabetes clinical decision support system: use rates, provider satisfaction, and impact on clinical outcomes [abstract]
    Diabetologia. 2016
  • The BestFIT Weight Loss Trial: smart study design and early implementation lessons learned [abstract]
    Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2016
  • Achieving clinically significant weight loss: how soon can we respond to non-responders [abstract]?
    Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2015
  • Evaluation of provider experience with an EHR-based clinical decision support tool [abstract]
    Diabetes. 2015
  • Sustained use of a diabetes clinical decision support tool in primary care practices [abstract]
    Diabetes. 2015
  • Testing a clinical decision support process to lower cardiovascular risk of patients [abstract]
    Clinical Medicine & Research. 2013
  • Changes in physical activity and nutrition in a behavioral intervention pilot study - passport to brain wellness [abstract]
    Clinical Medicine & Research. 2010
  • Comparing characteristics of adults who successfully lost weight using exercise vs. non-exercise focused methods [abstract]
    Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2010
  • Does physical activity promote positive body image in recent weight losers [abstract]?
    Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2010
  • Effect of point-of-care A1c testing in primary care clinics on diabetes medication intensification [abstract]
    Clinical Medicine & Research. 2010
  • Enhancing long-term weight loss maintenance: Keep It Off trial design and baseline data [abstract]
    Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2010
  • Racial disparities in A1c change and medication intensification [abstract]
    Clinical Medicine & Research. 2010
  • The long and winding road to physical activity maintenance: theory-driven mediation analysis in the Keep Active Minnesota (KAM) trial [abstract]
    Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2010
  • Two-year outcomes of a physical activity maintenance RCT in 50 to 70-year-old adults [abstract]
    Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2009
  • Are diabetes patients with depression more likely to get routine care process measures [abstract]?
    Diabetes. 2008
  • Association of diabetes and schizophrenia in a health plan population [abstract 1980-P] Diabetes
    2007
  • Association of diabetes and schizophrenia in a health plan population [abstract] Biol Psychiatry
    2007
  • Does diabetes double the risk of depression? Understanding the impact of visit frequency [abstract 1979-P] Diabetes
    2007
  • EMR (Electronic Medical Record) is not associated with better diabetes care [abstract 1207-P] Diabetes
    2007
  • Impact of bipolar condition on diabetes care in adults [abstract 1978-P] Diabetes
    2007
  • Impact of bipolar condition on diabetes care in adults [abstract] Biol Psychiatry
    2007
  • Impact of schizophrenia diagnosis on diabetes care in adults [abstract 2807-PO] Diabetes
    2007
  • Impact of schizophrenia diagnosis on diabetes care in adults [abstract] Biol Psychiatry
    2007
  • Is severity of depression related to glycemic control in adults with diabetes mellitus [abstract 1981-P]? Diabetes
    2007
  • Is severity of depression related to glycemic control in adults with diabetes mellitus [abstract]? Biol Psychiatry
    2007
  • presentations
    Presentation
  • A partnership approach to evaluation of the implementation of a natural experiment [presentation], Seattle Implementation Research Conference (SIRC)
  • Associations between the survey of organizational research climate and self-reported research behavior [presentation], Office of Research Integrity Quest for Research Excellence Conference
  • Challenges in recruiting family caregivers to a clinical trial on MBSR (mindfulness-based stress reduction) for stress reduction [presentation]
  • Comparing self-report and objective measurement of physical activity in successful weight losers [presentation]
  • Control over work and time: implications for racial differences in physical activity among working mothers [presentation]
  • Demographic, child health, and parenting predictors of accelerometry wear time in preschool-aged children [presentation]
  • Development and validation of the survey of organizational research climate [presentation], Office of Research Integrity Quest for Research Excellence Conference
  • Evaluation of provider experience with an electronic health record-based clinical decision support tool [presentation], HMO Research Network (HMORN) 21st Annual Conference: Care Improvement Research: Partnering with Patients, Providers and Operational Leaders
  • External funding expectations, federal grants and private industry involvement: manifold forms of self-interest and researcher behavior [presentation], ORI (Office of Research Integrity) Research on Research Integrity (RRI) 5th Biennial Conference
  • Health informatics technology in diabetes care [presentation]
  • If you want research integrity, work for (organizational) justice [presentation], ORI (Office of Research Integrity) Research on Research Integrity (RRI) 5th Biennial Conference
  • Impact of a learning healthcare network on depression outcomes: the DIAMOND initiative [presentation], NIMH (National Institute of Mental Health) 22nd Conference on Mental Health Services (MHSR), MHSR 2014: Research in Pursuit of a Mental Health Care System
  • Mindfulness-based stress reduction for caregivers: a randomized controlled pilot study [presentation]
  • Point-of-care prioritized clinical decision support reduces cardiovascular risk in adults with elevated cardiovascular risk: randomized trial [presentation], Conference on the Science of Dissemination and Implementation in Health, 10th Annual
  • Predictors of poor response to usual depression treatment in primary care [presentation] , HMO Research Network 20th Annual Conference: Embedded Research to Improve Health
  • Recent trends in CV risk factor control and CV risk in adults with diabetes [presentation]
  • Research design methods and problems with evaluation of implementation of a large initiative to improve primary care of depression [presentation], Global Implementation Conference
  • Supplemental sampling frame data as a means of assessing response bias in a hierarchical sample of university faculty [presentation], American Association for Public Opinion Research (AAPOR) 63rd Annual Conference
  • Sustaining use of a clinical decision support tool for primary care providers [presentation], HMO Research Network (HMORN) 21st Annual Conference: Care Improvement Research: Partnering with Patients, Providers and Operational Leaders
  • Taking advantage of natural QI (quality improvement) experiments for implementation research: a DIAMOND opportunity [presentation], HMO Research Network 14th Annual Conference: Partnerships in Translation: Advancing Research and Clinical Care
  • Temporal structure of work-family experiences: an ecological examination [presentation], National Council on Family Relations 74th Annual Conference
  • The Passport Study: a multi-domain lifestyle intervention to promote healthy brain aging [presentation], International Conference on Alzheimer's Disease (ICAD) (12th)
  • The TransforMN Study: background and preliminary findings [presentation], Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality (AHRQ) Annual Conference
  • The contrary research environment: what is RCR (responsible conduct of research) instruction up against [presentation]?, RCR (Responsible Conduct of Research) EIT (Education, Instruction and Training) 1st Biennial Conference
  • Contact
    full name
  • Lauren Crain, PhD
  • primary email
  • Lauren.A.Crain@HealthPartners.com
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